Natural stone is a beautiful expression of the earth that can enhance the style and sophistication of any environment where it is used. However, most people don't realize that the term stone can actually be applied to a variety of materials. This is important to note because different types of stone will have different durability and liabilities, which can be especially vital when dealing with stone table tops that get a relatively heavy amount of use during their lifetimes.

One of the most durable materials that you can use in table top applications is slate. This rustic stone is available in a natural cleft finish, which most closely resembles what people perceive rock to be, or in a smoother honed surface. Available in both solids and multi-colors, it is rated as one of the most durable and resilient materials available. Further, in multi-color form, the swirling unique patterns tend to make the piece resistant to staining, and easier to keep clean, as it doesn't tend to end up looking messy easily.

Granite is another durable material that is fairly resistant to stains and scratches. It is often used in kitchen countertops, which come under the constant pressure of chopping and mixing, as well as a barrage of staining materials.

Sandstone, limestone, and travertine are relatively softer types of stone. In general these materials will be more likely to crack or chip than their stronger counterparts mentioned above. They will also be more susceptible to damage from stains.

Marble is probably the most delicate material that you can use in a table top application. It can stain easily when it comes in contact with an acidic substance, and the material itself is fairly fragile, meaning that it can chip or crack easily. Also in polished marble applications, the polish can be scratched quite easily.

One way to protect all of these stones, and keep them looking new and fresh is to regularly apply a chemical sealant agent to the material. This will clog the natural pores in the stone, making it impervious to spills that may occur. There is unfortunately no way to prevent cracks and scratches except care, although a finishing agent can create a slight invisible barrier over the surface of the stone.

Outdoor tables should be limited to materials that will either be able to withstand the constant pressure of the elements, or will at least weather nicely, taking on an ancient and antiqued look as the years continue to affect the stone.

Stone tables are a great way to bring the beauty and power of nature into your home, but you should be aware of the type of material you choose, and the care and maintenance that the type of stone will require.